文档介绍：Chapter 1 Introduction
Section 1 Definition and Developmental History of Physiology
1. Definition and Scope of Physiology
Physiology is a branch of biological it is the study of how anisms work.
Scope: To study normal function and integration—how parts of the body work together at various levels anization and, most importantly, in the anism.
Physiology and medicine: experimental science, basic medical science
2. Developmental history of Physiology
William Harvey (1578-1657)-An english physician who, by observing the heart in small animals and fishes, proved experimentally that heart receives and expels blood during each cycle, found valves in the veins and the flow of blood in one direction. He developed the plete theory of the circulation of blood. He published his observations and interpretations in “Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus”(1628), often abbreviated “De Motu Cordis”.
W. Beaumont (1785-1853)-American frontier doctor who treated Alexis Saint Martin, a een-year-old Canadian trapper accidentally wounded in the stomach. When the wound healed, Beaumont observed that a hole remained in the stomach cavity. He used the opportunity to insert and withdraw various foods after varying periods of time and tabulate the results.
Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich (1849-1936)-Russian physiologist. He received the Nobel prize in medicine and