文档介绍：武汉科技大学硕士学位论文第1页摘要公益诉讼是指为了维护社会公共利益,任何组织和个人依法对侵犯国家利益、社会利益的行为提起诉讼,由法院依法处理的司法活动。目前,在致力于社会主义经济和法治建设的中国,公益受损和公益保护的缺失正成为日益严重的社会问题。本文以公共利益的司法保护为契机,就我国现行司法制度中有利于公益维护的制度进行分析和整合,并在借鉴外国相关理论和制度设计的基础上,提出构建我国的公益保护诉讼机制。笔者认为:从整体上,我国应建立四元制的公益诉讼制度,即公益诉讼制度体系应包括以下四个部分:检察机关提起的公益诉讼、团体诉讼、代表人诉讼和公民诉讼;基于检察机关和公益团体自身特有性质、地位和职能,应赋予其公益诉权,并结合各自特点进行特别规范;代表人诉讼制度是维护公共利益的一种有效手段,但该制度在运行中存在着理想主义、和现实脱节的弊端,应对其从诉讼适用范围、代表人的选择方法和权利扩张、判决效力间接扩张等方面进行适当改造;同时,现代社会,保证公民有接近司法的机会是公民的基本权利,我国公民诉讼制度的缺失,不利于公益维护和民主权利的实现。应开放公民诉讼,并设立行政和检察机关的双重前置程序进行适当规范,并完善第三人制度。关键词:公益诉讼; 团体诉讼; 代表人诉讼; 公民诉讼第1I页武汉科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract The public welfare lawsuitiS refersinorder tocarries on maintenance tothesocialpublic interest,anization and individual basis lawauthorization,for violating national interests, the socialbenefitbehavior filesthelawsuit,legally processes thejudicial activityby present,in devoting tothesocialisteconomy andgovernment by lawconstructionChina,the injury ofpublic welfare and the flawofpublic welfare protection es day byday the serious articletakes thepublicwelfarejudicial protection as ataming point, in our country present legalsystem ishelpful tothepublic welfaremaintenancesystem carrying ontheanalysisand theconformity,and inprofits from theforeign correlating theory and inthe systemdesignfoundation,proposed constructing Ourcountry thepublic welfare protection authorthought that,On establish asystem of fouryuan public interest litigationsystem,The right ofsuitmain body should include: Procuratorial agency,social group and citizenindividual;Based ans and public interestgroups totheirunique nature,status and functions ofthepublic welfare should be given theirright toappeal,with their own characteristics and specialnorms;representative lawsuitsystem is apublic interestineffectivemeaus,but thesystem inoperation thereidealism, detached丘om reality and themalpractice litigationresponse from theapplication,representative oftheoptions and rightsexpansion