文档介绍：Lesson 16
Distribution Packaging
第16课运输包装
Short History of Distribution Packaging in the USA
Distribution packaging emerged in the 1800s as the industrial
revolution blossomed and manufacturers began shipping their goods
nationwide via railroad.
- Paper did not enter the distribution arena as protective packaging
until the early 1900s, when corrugated boxes first appeared as
shipping containers.
- From the end of World War I to the end of World War II, the use
ratio of corrugated to wood containers went from 20/80 to 80/20.
- Pallets became popular for industrial use following World War II,
and unitizing of high-volume products for shipment accelerated in
the 1950s.
- Plastics began appearing in the early 1960s with various foams
replacing corrugated, rubberized fiber, and wood-based products as
interior packaging.
Functions and Goals of Distribution Packaging
The functions of distribution packaging can be summarized as
follows:
Containment
Protection
Performance
Communication
- Most distribution packaging should address the following goals:
Product protection:
Ease of handling and storage
Shipping effectiveness
Manufacturing efficiency:
Ease of identification
Customer needs
Environmental responsibility
The Cost of Packaging
It was estimated that expenditures for all packaging materials,
including expendable (one-way) shipping pallets, were
approximately $100 billion in 1997. Of this total, about one-third was
in the form of distribution packaging.
- The largest single segment of distribution packaging is corrugated
shipping containers, at approximately 20% of total expenditures and
60% of distribution packaging costs.
- It has been estimated that although actual freight claims paid by
carriers for damaging goods is approximately $2 billion, the actual
cost to them and to shippers is really more than $10 billion per year.
- Our goal in package design is to minimize the cost of both
packaging and damage.
The Packag