文档介绍：现代男性越来越娘?其实这件事从5 万年前就开始了 The changing face of humans: Drop in testosterone levels 50,000 years ago triggered "era of co-operation" that gave mankind art and technology 人类面孔的改变:五万年前人体睾丸素水平的降低使得人类进入了“合作时代”并在艺术和工具领域得到了发展 Adrop intestosterone levels around 50,000 years ago led the the development ofart and tools, researchers say the drop, which led toachange inthe shape ofskulls, coincided with ablossoming in two could belinked, ashumans developed amore co-operative outlook aslevels dropped. 日前科学家们认为五万年前人体睾丸素水平的降低使得人类在艺术和工具领域得到了发展。他们称睾丸素的降低改变了人类头骨的形状,同时也使得文化发展更加繁荣。而这两者之间的联系,则是由于人类发展出了一副更利于合作的女性向面孔。 Modern humans appear inthe fossil record about 200,000 years ago, but itwas only about 50,000 years ago that making art and advanced tools became widespread."The modern human behaviors oftechnological innovation, making art and rapid cultural exchange probably came atthe same time that wedeveloped amore cooperative temperament," said lead author Robert Cieri, abiology graduate student atthe University ofUtah who began this work asasenior atDuke University. 现代人类的化石最早出土于 20万年前,但艺术和高阶工具的普及是在 5万年以前。“现代人对于工具的革新,创造艺术与文化的快速发展时期可能就是源于那个时间点,因为那时我们发展出了更倾向于合作的性格。”美国犹他大学的生物学研究生,杜克大学该项目主导人 Robert Cieri 说道。 The study inthe journal Current Anthropology, which isbased on measurements ofmore than 1,400 ancient and modern skulls, makes the argument that human society advanced when people started being nicer to each other, which entails having alittle less testosterone inaction. 这项发表在 Current Anthropology 杂志上的研究测量了 1400 具古代和现代人的头骨,论证了当人们变得对彼此更友好以后人类社会有了大幅发展,而结果就是睾丸素水平的些微降低。 Heavy brows were out, rounder heads were in, and those changes can be traced directly totestosterone levels acting onthe skeleton, according toDuke anthropologist Steven Churchill, who supervised Cieri's work on asenior honors thesis that grew e this 24-page journal article three years later. The research team also included Duke animal cognition researchers Brian Hare and Jingzhi Tan, who say this ar