文档介绍：纳米材料
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第一节纳米材料和纳米技术简介
第二节纳米粉体材料
第三节纳米块体材料
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第一节纳米材料和纳米技术简介
纳米材料和纳米技术的兴起与发展
纳米材料的分类
纳米材料的基本性质
第二节纳米粉体材料
第三节纳米块体材料
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“There is a plenty of room at the bottom”
Richard P. Feynman
... Why cannot we write the entire 24 volumes of the Encyclopedia Brittanica on the head of a pin?
Let‘s see what would be involved. The head of a pin is a sixteenth of an inch across. If you magnify it by 25,000 diameters, the area of the head of the pin is then equal to the area of all the pages of the Encyclopaedia Brittanica. Therefore, all it is necessary to do is to reduce in size all the writing in the Encyclopaedia by 25,000 times. Is that possible? The resolving power of the eye is about 1/120 of an inch---that is roughly the diameter of one of the little dots on the fine half-tone reproductions in the Encyclopaedia. This, when you demagnify it by 25,000 times, is still 80 angstroms in diameter---32 atoms across, in an ordinary metal. In other words, one of those dots still would contain in its area 1,000 atoms ...
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Karlsruhe研究中心主席
纳米技术研究所首任所长
H. Gleiter
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20世纪80年代初期，IBM公司苏黎世实验室的两位科学家G．Binning和H．Rohrer发明了扫描隧道显微镜。
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STM：直接观察到物质表面的原子结构
基本原理：量子隧道效应
用一个极细的针尖接近样品表面，当针尖和表面靠得很近时(＜1nm)，若在针尖和样品之间加上一个偏压、电子便会通过针尖和样品构成的势垒而形成隧道电流
STM具有原子级的空间分辨率和广泛的适用性，推动了纳米科技的发展。
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STM针尖
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