文档介绍:非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括不定式(to do),分词(doing, done)和动名词(doing)三种。非谓语动词在句子中不能单独做谓语。它们除了有名词,形容词和副词的性质外,还具有动词的特征,可以带自己的宾语,状语等。
名称 句法功能
不定式 主、宾、表、定、状、补
分词 表、定、状、补
动名词 主、宾、表、定
不定式、动名词都可做主语
(1)不定式:侧重表示动作的具体性、一次性或将来的动作时(用it 做形式主语) swim in this river is a great pleasure.
(2)动名词:侧重表示动作的抽象性、一般性
. Swimming is fun in summer
It is no use/no good/useless/a waste of----/worthwhile +doing sth
(3)在疑问句中多用动名词做主语
Did her being late make her teacher angry?
(4)主语与表语保持平衡 To see is to believe.
(5)There be no ----句中多用doing
There is no joking about such matters.
二、不定式、动名词都可做宾语
有些动词后接两者都可,意义上没有差别:
begin, start, continue, like, love, hate, prefer, intend
2) 有些动词后接两者都可,但意思不一样
stop ↗to do 停下来去做… try ↗to do 尽力做… can’t help(to)do sth
↘doing 停止做… ↘doing 试着做… can’t help doing sth
mean ↗to do 打算做… go on ↗doing 继续做与原来相同的事
↘doing 意味着做… ↘to do继续做与原来不同的事
only to do出乎意料
only doing 必然会/意料之内
3)mind 的用法
you mind (one/one’s) doing sth
you mind if I did sth
you mind if I do sth?
4) …advise/ allow/ forbid/ permit sb to do sth
…advice/allow / forbid/ permit doing sth.
5) remember, regret, forget 看后面动词所表动作做没做。做了用doing,没做用to do. 即: remember /forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过了某事
remember /forget to do sth. 记得/忘