文档介绍：GIS for Disaster Recovery 2 December 2 6, 2004, ushered in the largest natural disaster in recent history. A magnitude earthquake and resulting tsunami brought incredible devastation to many countries in Southeast Asia. Countries including Sri Lanka and Thailand saw massive human casualties as well as the demolition of houses, roads, hospitals, and even entire villages. GIS Use in Aceh Province and Nias Islands, Indonesia, after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Epicenter of Magnitude Indian Ocean Earthquake Occurring on December 26, 2004. Credit: WorldSat Int’l, Inc., and ESRI Data & Maps CD 2002 Immediately after the tsunami, more than 300,000 people were missing or deceased. Maps displaying tents for those displaced were created quickly to assist agencies needing to get supplies to those who had nothing after the disaster. 3 No country was more affected than Indonesia. A wave purported to be 30 meters high hit the province of Nangroe Aceh Darussalam (Aceh) on the northern tip of Sumatra. The devastation affected 800 kilometers of coastline. In some villages, up to 90 percent of the residents lost their lives. For a region already suffering from neglect and civil turmoil, even a small emergency would have been difficult to handle. Faced with such an insurmountable event as the tsunami and ensuing magnitude earthquake a few months later, the world community came to the region’s aid seemingly overnight and launched the largest relief effort ever undertaken. Images of Destruction from the Tsunami through - out Aceh. Credit: Joerg Meier, Aceh Besar 4 First Response From the beginning, geographic information system (GIS) technology played an important role in guiding emergency responders to affected areas and mapping the impact to coordinate the relief effort. This was no easy task, as large areas of land were no longer suitable for housing because of the impact of the tsunami and earthquake. The land that remained had to be cleared o