文档介绍：动词不定式无人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式
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时态\语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to write
to be written
进行式
to be writing
完成式
to have written
to have been written
完成进行式
to have been writing
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1. 作主语
侧重于动作的具体性和将来性
To play basketball is a great pleasure.
但为使句子平衡,常用it 代它作主语, 把它移到句子后部去.
It is a great pleasure to play basketball.
(二)、不定式的句法功能
主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语
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2. 作宾语
A. 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词:
（１）hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother .
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B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:
tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain…
tell sb what to do…
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3. 作表语
。
He is to marry Rose.
，但侧重于目的性。
Her wish was to become an artist.
C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。
The form is to be filled in and returned within a week.
She is to blame.
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，放在名词后。
Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone 独自飞越大西洋.(主谓关系)
She has a good chance to go to college. (同位关系)
He has got lots of questions to ask. (动宾关系)
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注意:,而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有必要的介词。
There is nothing to worry about.
, 它后面要带上必要的介词。
I need a pen to write with.
He is looking for a room to live in.
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跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词
A. let, have, make, get等表使役的动词
They made us go with them.
注意:
Let/ have/make sb. do ; get sb. to do
They got us to go with them.
B. ask, tell, request, order等表要求,命令的动词
The chairman requested the members to be silent.
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C. allow, permit, forbid等表许可或禁止的动词
The guard forbade me to enter.
D. wish, want, expect, intend等表希望的动词(hope无此用法)
Many parents expect their children to study abroad.
E. see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel等表感官的动词
I noticed tears come into his eyes.
We often hear her sing the song at home.
注: 感官动词后的不定式均不带to
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