文档介绍:Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】
露天采矿存在的环境问题及其解决措施
露天采矿存在的环境问题及其解决措施
贵州大学矿业学院采矿工程 王继远
摘要: 矿产资源是重要的自然资源,是社会生产发展的重要物质基础,现代社会人们的生产和生活都离不开矿产资源。矿产资源的开发造成矿山环境问题严重影响了矿区周围群众的正常生活和社会稳定,也使得矿山环境恢复治理工作十分艰巨繁重。同时,我国国民经济发展正处于快速、持续、稳定的阶段,对矿产资源的需要将持续增加,由此引发的矿山环境问题日益严重,因此加强矿山环境的保护和治理已刻不容缓。
关键词:露天;采矿;环境
Abstract: the mineral resources are important natural resources, is an important material foundation of the development of social production, people's production and life in modern society cannot do without mineral resources. Exploitation of mineral resources causedenvironmental problems seriously affect the mining area around the people's normal life and social stability, but also makes the mineenvironmental recovery and management work is very arduous. At the same time, the development of China's national economy is in a rapid, sustained, stable stage, the need for mineral resources will continue to increase, the mine environment problems caused by theincreasingly serious, therefore, to strengthen the protection andmanagement of mine environment has been crunch time.
Keywords: open pit mining; environment;
一、矿山地质环境存在的问题
1、地质灾害频繁发生。许多矿山在开采过程中都不同程度地受到滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等地质灾害的危害,露天矿山主要表现在:一是露天开采使边坡改变原有的天然平衡状态,地面及边坡开挖影响山体、斜坡稳定,导致岩(土)体变形,诱发崩塌和滑坡等地质灾害;二是矿渣随意堆放,造成超负荷堆放,引起滑坡;三是部分矿山矿渣顺沟堆放,遭遇下雨,沟内汇水携带大量矿渣形成泥石流。
2、占用和破坏大量土地。采矿工业占用和破坏土地,包括采矿活动所占用的土地(如厂房、工业广场);