文档介绍：定语从句用法
定语从句用法　　
 
定语从句的有关概念　　
两种类别----------限制性和非限制性
根据从句与主句的关系是否紧密来区分，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。　　
两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。　　
先行词指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。　　
关系词就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。
关系代词：与先行词之间为替代关系　　that, which, who, whom, whose，as
关系副词：与先行词之间为包容关系 when, where，why, how
I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。　　
I know the man. He lives next door. 我认识这个人，它就住在隔壁。　　
She will never forget the day when she got married.
She will never forget the day. On that day she got married. 
He showed me the article that he had written. 　　
She was not in the train which arrived just now. 
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 
That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 　　
Give me one reason why we should help you. 
二、引导定语从句的主要关系代词　　
1. that的用法　　
that是所有关系代词中最常用的，它既可指人也可指物，既可用作主语也可用作宾语。先行词为人物混合时，只能用that不能用who, whom或which.
如：　　
This is the photo (that) I took. 　　
They live in a house that was built 200 years ago. 
The man that I saw told me to come here. 
Here are the cars and drivers that you have been looking for.
2. who / whom的用法　　
关系代词who和whom均只能指人，不能指物；从理论上说，who是主格，在定语从句中用作主语；whom是宾格，在定语从句中用作宾语。但在实际运用中，除非是直接用作介词后作宾语，否则凡是用宾格whom的地方都可以用who代替
I met someone who said he knew you. 
She is the girl (who, whom) you saw in school.　
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 
3. which的用法
只能指物，作宾语时可以省略。省略情况与who和whom一样
Is this the shop which sells children’s clothing?
The factory (which) Mr. Li used to work in was closed last week.
4. whose的用法　　
关系代词whose用于指人：the +名词 +of whom
也可以用于指事物: the +名词+of which
如：　　
He is the man whose car was stolen. 　　
He is the man the car of whom was stolen.
It was an island whose name I have forgotten. 
It was an island the name of which I have forgotten.　　
5. as的用法指人指物都可以，用于 the same…as so…as such…as
This is the same book as I bought yesterday.
This is the same book that I lost yesterday.
The story is so interes