文档介绍：Unit Seven
Text A
The Brain
Unit Seven Text A
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By Zhu Ruina
Unit Seven Text A
I. Pre-reading Task
II. Related Information
III. Outline& Summary
IV. Detailed Study
V. Home Assignment
Unit Seven Text A
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By Zhu Ruina
Unit Seven Text A
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By Zhu Ruina
I. Pre-reading Task:
We know more about the brain than
any other part of the body.
2. The largest one’s brain is, the cleverer he will be.
3. puter may some day replace the human brain because of its performance.
Back
Unit Seven Text A
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By Zhu Ruina
II. Related Information:
Short-term memory:
Short-term memory is the system used to remember information “in use”, such as a telephone number while one is dialing. Whether or not short-term memory represents a separate system, it does have certain clearly defined characteristics. It is limited in storage capacity: most people can repeat a 7- or 8- digit telephone number, but not 10 or 11 digits. Short-term memory appears to be related to speech: a string of similar-sounding consonants such as BGCVTP is less likely to be remembered correctly than a string of dissimilar consonants such as KGRWFL.
Unit Seven Text A
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By Zhu Ruina
Long-term memory:
The scientific study of long-tern memory began with the work of Hermann Ebbinghuas, who eased the problem of measuring memory by studding the rote learning of meaningless material. This approach to human memory has been strongly criticized, notably by Sir Frederic Bartlett in the 1930s, for ignoring the crucial role of meaning in memory. Memory in everyday life is rarely based on rote retention of detail: it relies heavily in remembering the meaning of a passage, a conversation, or an event. The difficulties involved in carrying out experiments and constructing and testing theory of memory under naturalistic conditions, however, limited most investigation up to the 1960s to studies of the rote memory. Stimulusrespnse associationism was the dominant theoretical approach to memory at that time. This approach