文档介绍：The Gerund& The participle
(2学时)
外语教研室薛艳玲
The Gerund
Contents:
--- The general of gerund
--- The style of gerund
--- The Gerund used as subject & predicative
--- The Gerund used as object
--- The Gerund’s logical subject
动名词概说
动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时,称为动名词。动名词在句中可以:
1)用作主语:
dancing bored him. (跳舞使他厌烦。)
2)用作表语:
her hobby is collecting stamps.(她的爱好是集邮。)
用作宾语:
please stop talking.(请不要说话了。)
4) 用作介词宾语:
he was arrested for smuggling.(他因走私而被捕。)
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动名词基本形式
语态
时态
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
Having been done
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动名词作主语&表语
1. 动名词可用作主语
1)Reading French is easier than speaking it.
阅读法文比讲法语容易。
Sailing a boat is great fun.
驾驶帆船很有意思。
3)Talking to him is talking to a wall.
和他说话等于对牛弹琴。
2 .有时可用先行词it作主语,而把动名词主语放到句子后部去,作表语的可以是形容词(a),也可以是名词(b):
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a. it’s nice seeing you again.
再次见到你真太好了。
It was pleasant fortable sitting there.
坐在那里惬意舒服。
It was tiring driving from morning till night.
从早到晚开车真累人。
b. It’s a wonder meeting you here.
在这里碰到你真是奇迹。
it’s no use asking me.
问我没用。
it was a waste of time reading that book.
看那本书真是浪费时间。
3 .“there is +no”后可以用动名词作主语,表示“没法…”:
1)there was no knowing what he could do.
他能做什么很难说。
There was no arguing with her.
没法和她争论。
3)There was no telling when this might happen again.
没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。
4 . 作表语
1)my hobby is painting.
我的爱好是绘画。
2) Her favorite sport is skiing.
她最喜欢的运动是滑雪。
3)Their pastime is going to movies.
他们的消遣是看电影。
4)Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
PS: 动名词作表语和进行式的区别在于:前者(a)说明主语的内容;后者(b)则说明主语正在做什么。
(a) Her job is tending the sheep.
(b) She is tending the sheep.
动名词作宾语
动名词可以作动词、短语动词以及介词的宾语。
I suggested bringing the meeting to an end.
我建议结束会议。
He has given up smoking.
他已经戒烟了。
Tom waited for a while before making up his mind.
汤姆稍等了一会才拿定主意。
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