文档介绍：听力理解
大纲要求
《教学大纲》对六级听力的要求是:对题材熟悉、句子结构不太复杂、基本上没有生词、语速为每分钟150~170词的篇幅较长的会话、谈话、报道和讲座,能掌握其中心大意、抓住要点和有关细节,领会讲话者的观点和态度,并能进行分析、推理和判断。只听一遍。
《大纲》语言技能表中,听的技能(Listening Skills)如下:
L1. Discriminating Sounds in Isolated Word Forms 辨别单词中的音素
Phonemes(音素)
Phonemic contrasts
Example: feel – fell, letter – latter, fan – fine, started – studied, goal – girl, etc.
L2. Discriminating Sounds in Connected Speech 辨别语流中的音素
Strong and weak forms
Modification of sounds (声音的改变)
a. Assimilation 同化(一个音受到另外一个音的影响与另外一个音发生接触时所产生的第三个音,或这两个音的混合音)
Example: -- I'm very glad to meet you. -- Did you go to the flower show?
-- I thought you e. -- I think she is interesting.
-- She has had little education. -- He works in a watch factory.
b. Elision 省音,元音溶合(例如we'll)
c. Liaison 连读(前面单词最后一个辅音字母的读音与第二个单词第一个元音字母的读音连起来,形成连读)
Example: -- far away -- an American -- half a year
-- a number of -- sold out -- for a year
-- on a sunny day -- here and there -- in a hotel
-- I waited and waited for a bus.
-- I have a lot of trouble with listening.
d. Loss of Plosion 不完全爆破(带有不完全爆破音的词或句子,听起来好象有些音被吞掉,但实际上并未被完全吞掉。当两个辅音相邻时,前面的辅音由于受后面辅音的影响,在发音时口腔形成发此音的口形但不送气,因此并未把音发出来。)
Example: -- Stop doing that. -- Does Mr. Black speak Japanese?
-- Sometimes I make mistakes in spelling. -- I can't understand this word.
-- Have you got lots of information about travel?
-- I don't think my friend would let me do that.
L3. Recognizing Stress Patterns 辨别重音类别
Stress patterns within words
Example: -- 5Take it 5out. -- Put it off. -- Wait and see.
-- 5Put it there. -- Listen to her. -- Look at it.
-- as 5soon as 5possible -- as busy as a bee
Stress in connected speech
Example: -- 5Find her a 5seat. -- 5Why did you 5cry? -- 5Give her the 5key.
Variation in stress (例如:-- I think you are right.)
Understanding Intonation Patterns 理解语调类型
Example: -- Do you think you could help me?↗
-- What time shall we start?↘
Understanding municative Function of Utterances 理解话语的交际价值
With e