文档介绍：文学的形式
Forms of literature
By Tiger
版权所有者:何良武
文学的形式
十九世纪以来,文学被分成以下几种形式:
诗歌、戏剧以及小说三大类别。
学习以下词汇:
Genre: type, species, class position
一、诗歌 poetry
1. epic(史诗) : a long poem about the early history of a nation
2. Lyric(抒情诗): a short poem expressing personal mood, feeling or meditation
3. Pastoral(田园诗): a conventional poem celebrating the innocent life of shepherds or shepherdesses.
4. Ballad(民谣): a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the 2nd and the 4th lines rhymed. (属于folk literature)
5. Symbolist(象征诗): a poem aiming at “suggestion”(隐含的,暗藏的) rather than direct statement, as opposed to realist(现实派) or naturalist(自然派). (比较现代的诗歌)
二、戏剧 drama
1. comedy(喜剧): a play written chiefly to amuse its audience and is closer to the representation of everyday life.
. Dante’s “The edy” is a narrative poems that ends happily.
Shakespeare’s edy “A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream”
2. tragedy(悲剧):a serious play representing the disastrous downfall of a central character, or the “protagonist”.
. Shakespeare’s fatalistic (宿命论的)painful tragic play “King Lear” and his revenge tragedy,