文档介绍：语法互动(九) 非谓语动词
中考考点
1. 动词不定式的用法。
2. 动名词的用法。
3. 现在分词或过去分词的用法。
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
不定式有两种，即带to的不定式(to＋动词原形)和不带to的不定式。注意：它没有人称和数的变化。
1．作主语[常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。]
常用句型结构为“It's＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”。
To ask the teacher for help is necessary.
＝It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.
向老师寻求帮助是必要的。
考点一 动词不定式
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
2．作宾语
(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有 want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn, remember, forget, would like/love等。
I hope __________ there before dark.
我希望天黑以前到那儿。
(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语＋谓语＋it(形式宾语)＋宾补(形容词/名词)＋不定式”结构。
I found it difficult to solve the problem.
我发现解决这个问题很难。
to get
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
3．作宾语补足语
(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有 tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, invite, would like, encourage等。
The teacher told us __________ Exercise 1.
老师告诉我们做练****一。
(2)使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see，hear, watch, notice, feel等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态时，其后的不定式必须补上to。
We often hear her sing. 我们经常听见她唱歌。
被动语态： She is often heard to sing.
to do
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
4．作状语
常见的状语有目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。
Mr. Lee will go to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake.
李先生将会去杭州参观西湖。(作目的状语)
5．作定语
动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰的名词的后面，作后置定语。
I don't have a partner to practice English with.
我没有一个一起练****英语的同伴。
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
6．作表语
Their duty is ________________________the animals.
他们的职责是照看动物。
7. “疑问词＋不定式”结构
动词不定式可以和what, which, when, where, how等疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
He doesn't know ________________.
他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)
[提醒] 动词不定式的否定结构为“not to do sth.”。
to look after/take care of
what to wear
语法互动(九)┃非谓语动词
动名词由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，其与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质。
1．作主语
Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.
过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。
动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语，在很多情况下可以通用。
2．作宾语
常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有 enjoy, finish, consider(考虑), miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, can't help, avoid, be used to, be worth, be afraid of, be proud of, be interested in, can't stop, keep/stop…from, look forward to, put