文档介绍：Economics and Management anisations Chapter 13 Biases in decision making
Chapter 13
Biases in decision making
e Hendrikse
Economics and Management anisations:
Co-ordination, Motivation and Strategy
Figure 131>.2: Tendencies in decision making
Organisational measures
changing the costs and / or benefits of the choice possibilities
changing the choice possibilities
structure the amount and nature of information
Short term focus
Current costs and benefits receive a disproportional amount of attention in decision processes.
1. Procrastination
Postpone
starting a healthy diet
starting a new project
killing a bad performing project
start studying for an exam
Organisational responses
pose a deadline for profitability
punish admitting mistakes mildly
allow credible excuses
separate starting and finishing decisions
job rotation (to limit mitment to project)
Make results visible
clear figures
step-by-step plan
2. Obedience
‘Befehl ist befehl’
Milgram experiments
A series of small, escalating concessions establishes an incredible obedience.
3. Melioration
Herrnstein & Prelec (1992)
People (and animals) have the tendency to focus on today’s costs and benefits of current choices, without taking future consequences of these choices into account.
Shortsightedness
Distance
Interest / background
Probability of certain events occurring
Law of small n