文档介绍：关于节能与新能源汽车?来源于科技部 863 计划“节能与新能源汽车”重大项目,包括混合动力汽车、纯电动汽车、燃料电池汽车。?混合动力汽车属于节能汽车。?应该区分原始能源与燃料的概念。?如果将汽车用非石油传统燃料,称为“新能源”,包括的范围不只是电和氢,况且电和氢都不是原始能源。?混合动力汽车、纯电动汽车、燃料电池汽车都使用电机驱动(或机电混合驱动), 有别于传统汽车,统称“电驱动汽车”更贴切。新能源能源的分类能源新能源传统能源煤炭石油太阳能风能水能核能天然气生物质能海洋能地热能氢能电驱动车辆的分类示意 100% 内燃机驱动 100% 电驱动微混合动力纯电动与混合动力双模式纯内燃机汽车纯电动汽车轻度混合动力重度混合动力中度混合动力增程式电动汽车从纯内燃机汽车到纯电动汽车氢燃料电池汽车 4 技术路线对比与应用分析性能燃料效率能量密度易储存性对现有发动机的适应性排放质量便利性负载量车辆成本燃料成本共用设施替代能源技术柴油中中好好好差中好好差好燃气差差差差中中差差差好好电动汽车技术混合动力好好中中中好好中中中好纯电动中中差差差好差差差好差燃料电池中好差差差好差差差差差 Hybridization and Fuel Efficiency Potential/ ICE Power ICE Power Electric Power Electric Power Plug- in Plug- in Smart Starter Smart Starter Functionalit y/ Functionalit y/ Engine start- stop at idle Engine off on deceleratio n Mild regenerativ e braking Electric power assist Full regenerativ e braking Engine cycle optimizatio n Electric launch Limited pure electric drive Engine downsize Plug-in rechargeabl e More electric drive during charge- depletion Reduced refueling Full-function electric drive Initial pure electric range Significantly reduced refueling Plug-in recharge only 100% pure electric range/100 % No refueling FUEL ECONOM Y FUEL ECONOM Y +2-4% +10-20% +30-50% Cars +20-40% Trucks +100% in charge depletion/1 00% same as full hybrid afterward Electricity only in EV range/ 在 EV same as full hybrid afterward Electricity only Start- Stop Mild Hybrid Full Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Plug-in Range Extender EV/ Electric Vehicle/ 新能源汽车电动汽车按排放分类: 排放量依次增加电动汽车分类串联式与并联式混合动力汽车串联式并联式燃油箱?串联:与车轮直接机械连接的仅是电机: 内燃机蓄电池电机车轮发电机燃油箱内燃机蓄电池电机车轮传动系传动系并联式:与车轮直接机械连接的有内燃机和电机: 混联式混合动力汽车