文档介绍：综效如何于正式组织结构中应用
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of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities１９
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities１９
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
Hastenburg and Ven则指出包括了:追求市场竞争力、增进利润、达成市场经济规模、增加销售额、创造股东价值、追求技术性经济规模、减少成本支出等等，林林总总、琳琅满目。也由于如此的迷人诱惑，致使并购的风潮波涛汹涌。然而，并购策略真的是企业迅速成长的万灵丹吗?何以经多位学者的实证研究结果却发现：二分之一的并购案是失败的，甚至四分之三的并购案，最后不是大失望就是彻底失败呢？难道那些所谓的「综效（Synergy）都是海市蜃楼，根本不存在的吗？但若如此，那又为何有那么多的企业前仆后继的加入并购的行列中呢？而亦或是有其它因素使然呢？
企业并购的目的～并购综效
一、什么是并购综效
企业进行并购活动的主要目的乃藉由并购以提高企业的价值，即指并购后公司之价值大于并购前两家公司个别价值之和，亦即为综效（Synergy）。综效的来源依照不同学者指出，大致可分为营运综效、财务综效及市场综效三种。
营运综效
营运综效可分为规模经济、管理效率差异及交易成本经济利益三种。
规模经济：指企业透过购并而达致最佳生产规模，以降低生产成本、提高生产效率并且强化其竞争能力。规模经济常是各企业进行购并活动之动机，若以购并之类别区分，规模经济之综效应在水平购并下较为明显。
管理效率差异：表示主并公司有其管理能力，使提升标的公司之经营效率而获致综效利益。
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking wate