文档介绍：非谓语动词
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定义：在句子中不是谓语动词叫做非谓语动词..在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,,可以承担句子的任何成分
形式：它有三种形式：不定式(to do)，分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done），动名词 (doing)
非谓语动词（非限定动词）
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非谓语动词特征：
1）无人称和数的变化。
2）不失去原意，可以加上自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。
3）否定式不用借助于助动词在谓语动词前加not
另外还有一些非动词的特征，相当于名词、形容词等，在句子里可以作这些词类所能用作的句子成分
非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语动词。不受主语的人称和数的限制。
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to do doing doing(分词)
to be done being done being done
to have done having done having done
to have been done
having been done
having been done
to be doing
to have been doing
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1 to do 短语作主语
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，。
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例如
To do 作主语
To talk with her is a great pleasure.
To learn from others is very important.
It is a great pleasure to talk with her.
It is very important to learn from others.
表语
Her wish is to become a famous singer.
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.
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He wishes to go abroad to have a further study.
We have decided to give them a hand.
I want to watch TV.
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,
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I was the first woman to travel alone at the North pole.
Shang hai is the first city in the world to have built a high—speed maglev train.
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5 To do 作状语
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong：To save money, every means has been tried.
right：To save money, he has tried every means.
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