文档介绍：The Attributive Clause
Lesson Three
［概念］
在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句必须放在先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如：
关联词
常见的关联词有关系代词that， which，who，whom，whose和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.
关系代词:
who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
当先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時,关系代詞用who.
Those who were late for class raise your hands.
which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow
books?
Do you find the pen?
I wrote with it just now.
Do you find the pen with which I wrote
just now?
Do you find the pen (which) I wrote
with just now?
Do you know the girl whose hair is
very short in our class?
Do you know the girl?
Her hair is very short in our class.
He is the student.
I broke his pencil yesterday.
He is the student whose pencil I
broke yesterday.
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little,