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定 语 从 句
走进中考
定语从句的难点在于学生分析不清楚先行词，不能正确使用关系代词和关系副词，不能正确理解定语从句中的一些特殊用法。中考对于定语从句的掌握要求如下：
掌握关系代词的用法，特别是that， which， who， whom， whose作主语、表语和定语的用法。
掌握关系副词when， where， why引导定语从句的用法；
掌握“介词+关系代词〞的用法，尤其是介词的选取和使用；
掌握关系代词that和which的用法的异同；
掌握表示地点或时间的名词充领先行词时，关系代词和关系副词的选择问题。
思维导图
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定语从句的概念和位置
在句子中起定语作用的从句成为定语从句。定语从句在句子的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词从句。〔在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句〕。
.: Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage?
This is the museum which was built last year.
先行词和关系代词
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，指代先行词，放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句的某一个成分〔主语、宾语、表语、状语等〕；
.: The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.
先行词 关系代词〔在从句中做主语〕
The train which has just left is for Shenzhen.
先行词 关系代词〔做主语〕
Let’s find a place where we can have a picnic.
先行词 关系副词〔地点状语〕
关系代词=连接词+代词
定语从句的构成：
He has a car. + The car has 7 seats.
== He has a car and it has 7 seats.
== He has a car which has 7 seats.
The hotel is very clean. + We stayed here.
== The hotel where we stayed was very clean.
We met a man. + The man directed us to the factory.
=>We met a man and he directed us to the factory.
=>We met a man who directed us to the factory.
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关系代词引导的定语从句
出题点：A 指代人的关系代词充当主语、宾语、表语的用法；
B 指代物的关系代词充当主语、宾语、表语的用法。
关系代词在句子中起连接、替代的作