文档介绍：Project Management Environment
Chapter 2
PMP Preparation Training
Objectives
To be able to describe:
Project life cycle
Characteristics of the project phases
Key project stakeholders
Organizational and socioeconomic influences on the project
Key management skills used in managing a project
Project Life Cycle
Defines the beginning and end of the project
Divides the project into phases that provide better management control and the appropriate links to the ongoing operations of anization
Phase Characteristics
Deliverables Tangible, verifiable work products
Reviews Evaluation of deliverables and project performance
Phase Exit Criteria Measurements used to determine if
project should go into next phase
Characteristics of Life Cycle
Defines the beginning and end of the project
Deliverables usually approved before work starts on the next phase
Sometimes a subsequent phase is begun prior to approval of the previous phase. This is called fast tracking.
Defines technical work and implementers
Characteristics of Life Cycle (cont.)
Cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher towards the end, and drop as project closes
Probability of project ess is low at the start of the project and gets progressively higher as the project continues
Cost of changes and of error correction generally increases as the project continues
Phases and Resources Usage
Concept 5%
Development 20%
Implement 60%
Close Out 15%
Project Stakeholders
Individuals anizations who are actively involved in the project and whose interests may be positively or negatively affected by the project ess or failure
Key Stakeholders
Project manager Manages the project
Customer Uses the product or service
anization Enterprise that does the project work
Sponsor Provides financial resources
Organizational Influences
Organizational systems
Project-based
Derive e by performing projects for others
Treat on-going operations as projects (management by projects)
Non-Project-based
No project-oriented