文档介绍:1 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母 a, e, i(y), o, u, 2 音标:词的语音形式。 3 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有 48 音素,分为元音音素和辅音音素两大类。其中元音音素 20 个,辅音音素 28 个。元音: 发音时声带振动, 呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍, 这样形成的语音称作元音。元音发音响亮,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是构成音节的主要音。英语中有 20 个元音。辅音: 不论声带振动与否, 发声时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定阻碍, 这样的语音称为辅音。辅音发音不响亮,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有 28 个辅音。(其中包括[ts] 、[dz] 、[tr] 、[dr] )。 4 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。 ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand 5 开音节: a) 辅音+ 元音+ 辅音+e name , bike ; b) 辅音+ 元音 he, go, hi 6 闭音节: a) 辅音+ 元音+ 辅音 bad, , sit, hot, cup; b) 元音+ 辅音 it 7 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。二. 元音: [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling [i] sit, build, miss, myth [e] bed, desk, head [?] bad, land, bank, stamp [a:] fast, class, plant, calm [?] hot, want [? :] door, sport, warm, bought [u:] good, who, blue, soup [u] look, put, women, could [∧] cup, come, blood, rough [? :] girl, work, serve, nurse [?] ago, forget, dollar, doctor, famous [ei] cake, they, play, eight, great [ai] bike, light, try, find, height, eye [? u] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow [au] house, town [? i] boy, oil [i?] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce [ ε?] pear, care, there, fair [u?] tour, poor 三. 容易混淆的元音 1)[e] [?] bed --bad men-- man pen--pan lend --land 2)[i:] [ei] real --rail greet--great mean--main read-- raid 3)[e] [ai] bet --bite red --write said --side head--hide 4)[au] [? :] house — horse loud — lord south-- sauce now-- nor 5)[au] [∧] found --fond gown --gone down-- don 四. 辅音[p] pen,