文档介绍:南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文- i - 摘要飞行模拟器是一种用来模拟飞机空中飞行与地面运行的实时仿真系统。模拟器不仅可以给予学员真实的飞行驾驶感觉,而且较真机飞行更经济更安全, 具有重要的军事意义和商业价值。飞行动力学仿真模型是飞行模拟器的核心和灵魂,主要负责运动方程的实时求解、飞机空气动力特性的计算以及飞机各系统的功能和特性的模拟,因此该模型的准确与否会直接关系到飞行模拟器的运行逼真度。本文以轻型飞行模拟器原型系统为背景,在分析现有几种飞行仿真软件的基础上,以 B747 - 10 0B 飞机为例,对飞行系统仿真的总体框架进行了设计,按照软件工程方法进行了模型的架构和数据交互的研究,确定了可行方案;针对各个分系统的工作原理和功能,将仿真模型进行模块化,分别建立了数学模型。对现有的几种运动微分方程求解方法的特点进行了分析,分别采用 Adams - 预报校正法和四元数法对飞机运动方程和欧拉角进行了求解,从仿真实验结果来看, 这两种方法能满足仿真的实时性和准确性要求;对常用的气动导数计算方法从理论计算和仿真计算两个方面进行了比较分析,实验结果亦证明应用三次样条插值法进行气动导数计算,在保证了仿真速度的同时,提高了计算的精度;基于 VC++ 编程环境,建立了飞行系统仿真的计算机模型,进行了模型的仿真实验和实验结果分析,对数学模型的准确性和软件的有效性进行了验证;掌握了 Berkeley DB 实时数据库的数据结构、访问方式和使用方法,并基于该数据库, 结合飞行仿真数据的特点,分别对飞机结构与性能信息库、气动数据库、发动机数据库和控制系统数据库的数据结构、查询方法等关键技术进行了研究。关键词:飞行模拟器,动力学,仿真模型,插值法,仿真数据库轻型飞行模拟器飞行仿真建模研究 ii ABSTRACT Flight Simulator is a rea l - time simulation system, which can simulate flight in the air and operation on the ground. The simulator that plays an important role in military affairs and business not only administer real sense of operation to the learner, but also be economical and s ecur e . As the central mathematic model of the simulator, the model of flight system takes on the solution of kinematic equation , the calculation of aerodynamic characteristic and the simulation of subsystem, its veracity has effect on the reality of the si mulator directly. Under the background of Prototype of Light Weight Flight Simulator, base on the analysis of current flight si mulation software, first , the t hesis took boeing 747 - 100B as the modeling object, constructed a model frame, and researched the m odel architecture and data transmission using software engineering method. Secondly, contaposing the function of each subsystem, the paper modularize d the whole model, founded mathematic models one by one. Thirdly, the article analyzed the characteristic o f current solution of differential equation, solved kinematic equation and Euler angles using Adams - Bashforth and Quaternions respectively