文档介绍：4. What is Communication?
It comes from the Latin word “communicare”, it means to give or to exchange. Now, the most common meaning of “communication” is to give or exchange information or ideas.
Communication is our ability to share our ideas and feelings. (the basis of all human contact)
Communication is a dynamic, systematic process in which meanings are created and reflected in human interaction with symbols. ()
第一页
Elements of communication
Context (location, time, light, temperature, seating arrangements)
Participants (relationship, gender, culture)
Messages (meanings, symbols, encoding
and decoding)
Channels (sound, sight, smell, taste, touch)
Noise (external noise, internal noise,
semantic noise)
feedback
第二页
Linear Model of Communication
Sender
Receiver
Channel (message)
encoding
decoding
noise
Is this an effective model of communication?
Mode of Communication
第三页
Interactive Model of Communication
Sender
Receiver
Sender
Receiver
encoding
decoding
noise
Feedback is essential to good communication
decoding
encoding
message / channel
message / channel
第四页
5. Characteristics of communication
1) Communication is dynamic
2) Communication is interactive
3) Communication is irreversible
4) Communication takes place in both a physical and social context.
第五页
6. Intercultural Communication
Samovar & Porter
Intercultural communication is communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.
intercultural communication refers to any communication between two members of any cultural communities.
第六页
Intercultural Communication Vs Cross-cultural Communication
Cross-cultural communication
the similarities and differences in value orientations, affective dispositions, relationship management, communicative styles (psychological process)
Intercultural communication
the pe