文档介绍：摘要
本论文由翻译实践和翻译报告两部分构成。翻译实践部分是 10000 字的中文，
翻译报告部分是 5000 词的英文。翻译实践部分由源文本和目的语文本构成，翻译
报告则是对翻译实践的分析总结。
具体地，翻译报告又由翻译任务描述、翻译过程、翻译案例分析和翻译实践总
结四部分组成。翻译过程部分会阐述译前准备、翻译过程和译后事项等。案例分析
部分引用了大量例子进行分析，这些例子都是译者在翻译过程中遇到的翻译难点，
译者经过分析得出处理这些翻译难题应当采取的翻译策略。最后，对翻译实践进行
总结。
本次翻译《美国革命》所遇到的困难是源文本中有很多长句及专有名词，如人
名、地名和历史事件等。在遇到翻译难题时，运用合适的翻译策略，以尽可能忠实
通顺地将源文本的信息传达出来。在本次翻译实践中，译者摸索出翻译英语长句的
方法是分析句子成分并抓句子主干。对于翻译中遇到大量专有名词的情况，译者应
当建立一个专有名词表以供查阅，这样也有利于保持通篇文本中专有名词译法的统
一性。
关键词：句子成分；句子主干；翻译策略
I
Abstract
This paper is composed of a translation practice and a translation report. The
translation practice contains a source text and a target text. The source text is English and
the target text is Chinese. And the translation report is the analysis of the translation
practice. Also the translation report is the conclusion to the translation practice. The
translation practice consists of about 10,000 Chinese characters and the translation report
consists of 5,000 English words.
Specifically, the translation report contains the description of the translating task, the
process of translating, the analysis of the cases, and the conclusion to the translation
practice. In the part of the process of translating, the preparation before translating,
translating, and post-translation proofreading are mentioned; in the part of the analysis of
cases, lots of translation difficulties are recited and are dealt with different translation
strategies; then some experience are concluded from the translation practice. The
experience will be very helpful for the translator in the future.
The difficulties in translating The American Revolution are long sentences and a
great many proper nouns, such as person names, place names and historical events. To
overcome the difficulties proper translation strategies should be used. After this
transl