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基于单片机的电子体温计电路设计
摘 要
温度作为一个重要的物理量，是工业生产过程中最普遍、最常用的测量与被控参数之一。随着社会的发展、科学技术的不断更新，温度的测量围要求不断扩大，同时温度的测量准确性要求不断提高。它直接影响燃烧、化学反应、发酵、烘烤、蒸馏、浓度、挤压成形、结晶以与空气流动等物理和化学过程。温度控制失误就可能引起生产安全、产品质量、产品产量等一系列问题。因此对温度测量的意义就越来越大。
电子体温计电路采用AT89S52作为核心器件实现对系统的自动控制。外界温度经DS18B20集成温度传感器采集，温度变化最终转换为可被单片机识别的数字信号，单片机将采集到的温度值在LED数码管上显示出来。当采集到的温度不在-55°C——125°C时，启动报警装置，提醒相关工作人员采取措施。当采集到的温度在35°C——40°C时，启动语音播报功能，提醒温度正常，温度偏高，温度偏低等。
传统所使用的温度计通常都是精度为1°°C的水银、煤油或酒精温度计。这些温度计的刻度间隔通常都紧密，不容易准确分辨，读数困难，而且他们的热容量还比较大，达到热平衡所需的时间较长，因此很难读准，并且使用非常不方便。电子体温计与传统的温度计相比，具有读数方便，测温围广，测温速度快、测温准确、携带方便等优点。
关键词：单片机；电子体温计；温度传感器；报警；语音播报
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The Design of the Electronic Thermometer
Based on Microcontroller
Abstract
Temperature as an important physics, is the most common industrial production process, the most commonly used one of measuring and controlled parameter. With the development of society, the science and technology unceasing renewal, temperature measurement range requirements, at the same time expanding temperature measurement accuracy requirement enhances unceasingly. It directly affects combustion, chemical reaction, fermentation, roasted, distillation, concentration, extrusion, crystallization and air flow etc physical and chemical processes. Temperature control error could cause a production safety, product quality, product yield and so on. So the significance of temperature measurement is more and more big.
Electronic thermometers circuit USES AT89S52 devices as the core device implements to the system automatic control. The temperature outside temperature sensors to collect by DS18B20 integration, the temperature change finally converted to can be microcontroller identification digital signal, microcontroller will to collect in LED digital tube temperature displayed. When the collected ° C temperature is not - 55 125 ° C - start alarm device, remind relevant working personnel take measures. When the collected in 35 ° C temperature of 40 °