文档介绍：肿瘤临床诊断研究
● Cecum
● Ascending Colon
● Transverse Colon
● Descending Colon
● Sigmoid Colon
● Rectum
ANATOMY
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● 12 ~ 15 cm
● peritoneal portion
and pelvis portion
● mesorectum
Mesorectum
全直肠系膜切除(TME)
Total Mesorectum Excision
ABOUT RECTUM
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● common tumor in gastrointe-
stinal tract
● occur mostly at 41~65 years old
● colon cancer seems more and
more in recent 20 years
● proliferation—adenoma
--carcinoma, about 10~15 years
INTRODUCTION
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PATHOLOGY
● Mass type（隆起型）
多见于升结肠、盲肠, 肠腔内生长, 转移发生较晚
● Invasive type（浸润型）
多见于降结肠, 肠壁内生长, 易引发狭窄及梗阻
● Ulceration type（溃疡型）
最常见类型, 向肠壁深处生长, 形成溃疡, 轻易发
生出血、感染或者穿孔
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MASS TYPE
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INVASIVE TYPE
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ULCERATIVE TYPE
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HISTOLOGIC CLASSIFICATION
腺癌（Adenocarcinoma）
● 管状腺癌（tubular adenocarcinoma）
● 乳头状腺癌（papillary adenocarcinoma）
● 粘液腺癌（mucinous adenocarcinoma ）
● 印戒细胞癌（signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma）
腺鳞癌（Adenosquamous carcinoma）
通常见于低位直肠癌或者肛管癌
未分化癌（undifferentiated carcinoma）
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Normal
epithelium
Micro-
adenoma
Early-stage
adenoma
Middle-stage
adenoma
Carcinoma
Advanced
adenoma
ETIOLOGY
Over 50 % come from the canceration
of adenoma. From normal cell to cancer
cells, it will need 10~15 years
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