文档介绍:2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
、非金属单质 (F2, Ct ,02,S,N2 ,p,c,sl H)
1、氧化性:
F+h二二二2HF期暗处爆炸)
2 2
F +Xe(a:a >=XeF
2 2
2F2(过量)+Xe==XeFi (XeF 4是强氧化剂,能将M n葡化为M no'i ) nF +2M=二二2M Fn M表示大部分金属)
2
2F +2H 0 ===4HF+0 (水是还原剂)
2 2
2F2+2Na0H===2NaF+0F+H20
F2+2NaC>= = 2NaF+Cl
F +2NaB 尸==2NaF+Br
2
F2+2Na]===2NaF + I
F2(过量)+l2= = = 2IF7
F +C1 (等体积)==2CF CF
2 2
属于类卤素:CF+HO==HF+HCD )
2
2 3
3C 1 +2Fe 2FeCl
2 3
Cl2+2FeC l===2FeCl
Cl2+2NaBt-==2NaCKBr Cl
2+2B r = 2C 1+B n
CL+2K]===2KC1M
Cl
2+2I=2Cl+I
3F2(过量)+Cl2===2CF3 CF 3+3H2O==3HF+HClD)
CI2+H2 2HC1(将H2在CL点燃;混合点燃、加热、光照发生爆炸 3C1 +2P 2PC1 Cl +PC1PC1 Cl +2Na 2NaCl
人,2 3 5 2
C 1 +CuCuCl
2 2
(在水溶液中:Cl2+2Fe===2Fe+3C1)
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
3c L(过量)+2KH3H2O===6HC HKDs
3Cl2+f +3H2O=6H+6Cf+ D3-
5C 1 +1 +6HO===2HD+1OHC1
5C I2+I2+6H2O =10C t+D 3 -+12H +
CL+Na2s===2NaCHS I Cl
Cl+H^===2HCbS I ( 水溶液中:
C1+SO+2HO===HSO+2HC1
2 2 2 4
C12+S02+2H0=4H+S0T +2Cf
2+S2—=2Ct+S I
C 1 +HS=2H+2C1
一+S I
C12+H 2 0 2===2HCl+0
20 +3Fe Fe
Cl
+K=KO
2+H2O 2=2H++Cr+02
S+H2H2S
2S+C
2
CS
S +Zn ZnS
S+Fe FeS
(既能由单质制取,又能由离子制取)
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
S+2CuCuS (只能由单质制取,不能由离子制取
2
3S+2A1ALS3
(只能由单质制取,
不能由离子制取)
N2+3H2 2NH3 N
N+3BaBaN
2 3 2
N+6Rb 2RbN
2 3
2+3M g M gsN 2 N
Q +6Na 2N aN
9 3
N +2A12AN
2+3C a C asN 2
N +6K 2K N
2 3
+6H2 4PH3
P+3NaNa 3P
2P+3Zn Zn 3P2
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
H2+2Li2LH
2、还原性
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
S +0 2 s 0 2 S+H 2s 0 4 (浓)3S 0 2 t +2H 0
S+6HNCM农)H 2sO4+6NO2 t +2H0
S+4H+6==6NC)2 t +2H0 +
2A1H3H S0===AW0 )+3H t 2AH6H
3S+4HN0 (M)3S02+4N0 t +2H0
3S+4H+4 3S02+4N0 t +2H0
N2+O2 2N0
4P+502 P 4Oio(常写成 P2O5)
2P+3X 2PXa (X 表示 F2, CL, Br2) PX3+X2PX5
P4+20HN03(浓)4H 3PO4+2ONO t +4H2O
C+2FC3 C+2C1 2CCI1
C+0 (足量)CO 2C+0 (少量)2C0
2 2
C+CO22co C+H2O C0+H2(生成水煤气)
2C+SD S廿2co (制得粗硅)
Si(粗)+2Cl SCI (SCI +2H 二二二 Si(纯)+4HCD
2 4 4
S i(粉)+0 2 S D 2 sHe SC (金刚砂)
S^2NaOH+HO==Na2S©3+2H