文档介绍：学士学位论文
宽光谱响应窄带隙共轭聚合物的合成与表征
专业名称:应用化学
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时间:2011年5月
摘要
自1976年美国科学家Alan J. Heeger,MacDiarmid和日本科学家Hideki Shirakawa等发现共轭聚合物以来,由于其既具有金属和半导体的电学和光学性能,又保留高分子的优越的机械性能和加工性能,所以其受到了人们的广泛关注。近年来,由于共轭聚合物太阳能电池材料具有质量轻,成本低,容易加工,可以制备大面积器件等一系列优点,共轭聚合物太阳能电池以及其太阳能电池材料的研究又受到了人们的广泛关注。
而对于目前广泛研究的太阳能电池而言,虽然其取得了很大的进展,但要实现市场大规模的生产以及应用,聚合物太阳能电池材料的稳定性以及光电转换效率还有待进一步的提高。而作为共轭聚合物太阳能电池材料的电子给体材料,要求在可见光区具有宽光谱和强吸收、高的空穴迁移率、良好的溶解性能和易于加工性能以及好的成膜性等。因而合成出能带宽更窄,光谱响应与太阳能辐射更匹配,电荷载流子迁移率更高的新型窄带隙共轭聚合物材料,对提高聚合物太阳电池的能量转换效率有着重要意义。
本论文以此为出发点,通过采用钯催化下的Stilling耦合反应在单模微波合成仪中合成了基于5,7-双(5-溴-4-辛基噻吩-2-基)-噻并[3,4-b]噻二唑(单体A)和2,6-双(三甲基锡基)-4,8-双(2-乙基-己氧基)氧苯并[1,2-b;3,4-b]二噻吩(单体B)的新型窄带隙共轭聚合物,命名为BDT-DOTT。并对聚合物BDT-DOTT的结构和光电性能进行了表征和研究。
通过测试和研究表明窄带隙共轭聚合物BDT-DOTT具有较好的溶解性和成膜性,宽的光谱响应和较好的吸收以及较大的分子量。
关键词:光谱响应;窄带隙;共轭聚合物;太阳能电池;Stilling耦合反应
Abstract
Since the discovery of the conjugated polymer by American scientist Alan J. Heege, MacDiarmid and Japan scientist Hideki Shirakawa et al. in 1976 which have attracted much attention because it not only has metal or semiconductor electronic and optical properties but also keep high polymer superior mechanical properties and processing properties. And in recent years, the conjugated polymer solar cells and its materials have attracted much attention due to the advantages of light weight, low cost, easy fabrication, suitable for making large area flexible devices.
For the present extensive research for the solar cells, although it have been made great progress, the stability and the power conversion efficiency of the polymer solar cells should be greatly enhanced for if it would be widely product and used in the market. As electron donor materials of conjugated polymer solar cells, the goal is to have wide spectrum and strong absorption in the visible region, high hole mobility, good solubility and easy processing performance, good film and so on. therefore, the synthesis of new narrow band gap conjugated polymers materials, which have narrower-band-gap, spectral response