文档介绍：代词:
一,人称代词和物主代词
主格
I / We
you
he/they
she/they
it/they
宾格
me/us
you
him/them
her/them
it/them
形容词性物主代词
my/our
your
his/their
her/their
its/their
二,疑问代词
who, what, which …
连词:
and, but, or, because, so, after, before, then, next, finally …
冠词:
定冠词(the),不定冠词(a/an)
和零冠词(不用冠词)
Could you close the door, please?
Have you got a camera with you?
Are most of your friends / students? (零冠词)
不定冠词 a/an
1)经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,
用于起介绍作用,表示“一…”
I gave him a book yesterday.
I am reading an interesting story.
2)表示数字时,整数前可用a或one,
或在重量单位整数前可用a或one,
a / one hundred dollars ,a / one pound(磅) of meat
3) 不定冠词用在事物的"单位"前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示"每一…"。
We often go to school two times a day.
定冠词的用法:
1)特指前面提到过的人或事物。
I know an old man. The man taught me a lot about life.
2)用于单数名词前,表示某一类人或事物.
The tiger is a fierce animal.
3)和一个形容词连用,代表一类人或东西:
the old and the young, the rich and the poor
4)用于指世上独一无二的事物。
The earth moves round the sun .
5)用于表示乐器的名词前。
I can't play the piano, but I can play the guitar.
7)加在姓氏前,表示一家人。
Last week, the Greens planned to go camping.
8)山脉群岛、江河海洋、海峡海湾、报纸杂志、时代、政党、会议及某些国家等专有名词前:
the , the
the Pacific ocean
the Times(泰晤士报) …
但有些专有名词前不加任何冠词:
湖名,街名,广场名,公园名,大学名,节日名等
6)在序数词和形容词最高级前加定冠词。
Spring is the first season of the year and it is the most beautiful one.
名词:
可数名词(单数和复数)
不可数名词
1,可数名词(单数和复数)
单数:a book, an hour
复数:规则变化(4种)
不规则变化:man-men,
woman-women
child-children
2,不可数名词
a piece of paper/fish/meat/bread
a box of milk/juice
a cup of tea/ coffee
a bottle of water
a glass of orange
a bag of rice
3, 名词所有格(…的):
一,表示有生命的名词:
1).单数名词后直接加-’s : Jane’s hat
2).如果名词是在词尾加-s的复数形式,直接在后面加’: the boys’ house, the girls’ hats
3).如果名词是复数形式,但不是在词尾加-s的,要在后面加’s :
men’s coats,
women’s shoes,
children’s bags,
4,共有和分别拥有:
Lily and Lucy’s bed
Lily’ and Lucy’s beds