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新概念英语第一册语法总结〔上〕[八种时态]
一．时态：
一般现在时，现在进展时，一般过去时，现在完成时，
一般将来时，过去进展时，过去完成时，过去将来时
表示一般性，经常性的动?
What is the dog doing?
(必背)
没有进展时的动词
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进展的动作
1. 表示感觉，感官的词
see, hear, like, love, want,
2. have, has当〞拥有〞讲时没有进展时
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表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,
含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were
I was at the butcher’s.
You were a student a year ago.
The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.
★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首
Were you at the butcher’s?
Were you a student a year ago?
Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?
★变否认句在be动词后面加not
I was not at the butcher’s.
You were not a student a year ago.
The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.
★肯定回答否认回答
Yes, I was. No, I was not.
Yes, you were. No, you were not.
Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.
★特殊疑问句：
What did you do?
(必背)
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不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录
I finished my homework yesterday.
The boy went to a restaurant.
The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.
King Street a year ago.
★变疑问句在句首加did，动词变为原型
Did you finish your homework yesterday?
Did the boy go to a restaurant?
Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?
King Street a year ago?
★变否认句在主语和动词之间加did not
I did not finish my homework yesterday.
The boy did not go to a restaurant.
The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.
King Street a year ago.
★肯定回答与否认回答
Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
Yes, they did. No, they did not.
构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词
用法：
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1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用
I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了)
He has had a cup of tea.〔不渴了，不用再喝〕
They have already had their holiday. 〔不能再度假了〕
The boy has already read the book. 〔已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了〕
2)询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：
Have you finished your homework?
Have you been to Beijing?
Have he seen the film?
3) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作