文档介绍：从荀子对孟子的批判看荀子的学术批判动机
摘要:战国末期,群雄混战,政治黑暗;言论界新论丛生,辩议滋多,惑乱天下,儒家思想倍受挑战。荀子有感于此,五十岁始游学齐国,曾三为稷下学宫祭酒。荀子聚徒讲学,著书立说,意图以新的诠释为儒家思想寻找出路,匡救乱世,为达到天下的正理平治作理论探讨。为此,荀子不仅从外部对诸子学说进行学术批判,而且在儒学思想内部也动起手术,批判鄙儒,并将主要矛头指向思孟派的五行说以及孟子的性善论。因为孟子是孔子之后,荀子之前,名声与影响最大的儒家宗师,孟学与荀学经常被后学列为儒学内部的两个最重要的分支,本文主要着眼于荀子对孟子的批判,通过对荀子在《解蔽》、《性恶》、《非十二子》中对孟子的批判的分析,从而理清作为孔子以后儒家两大宗师孟子与荀子的分歧,以及荀子作为战国末期学界泰斗所作的学术批判的动机。
Abstract: The paper analyses Xunzi’s criticism on the thoughts of Mencius. Through the analyse, the paper deems that Xunzi and Mencius are identical in value standpoint and where their bifurcation lies in is just the roads to the virtue. We can find that Xunzi’s motivation of academic criticism is to withstand the Fajita’s theories and maintain the mainstream status of the Confucian philosophy. In Xunzi’s opinion, only the Confucian philosophy is the right guide for the country, and he insist that the core value of Confucian philosophy is liyi. Mencius thought himself as the real disciple and continuator of Confucius. But Xunzi thought that Mencius was just a disciple but not a good continuator because he didn’t understand well the real meaning of Confucian thoughts. Mencius’ theories were not strong enough to maintain the mainstream status of Confucian thoughts and carried forward the Confucian virtues. Thus Xunzi took on the important task himself.
关键词:荀子孟子理论分歧学术批判动机
荀子,战国末期赵国人,五十岁始游齐国,三为稷下学宫祭酒,后来在楚国任兰陵令,去职后留在兰陵著书,