文档介绍：第五章呼吸 respiration
王庭槐教授
Pro. WANG Tinghuai
机体与外界环境之间的气体交换过程,称为呼吸.
The gas exchange process anization and environment is named respiration.
摄取O2 uptake oxygen
排出CO2 output carbon dioxide
第一节肺通气
Pulmonary Ventilation
肺通气是肺与外界环境之间的气体交换过程。
Pulmonary ventilation is the gas exchange process between lungs and environment.
实现肺通气的器官 organs plete pulmonary ventilation
:沟通肺泡与外界环境,加温、加湿、过滤、清洁吸入气体和防御反射
Respiratory municates alveoli and environment, warms the air,gets the air wet, filters the air,cleans the air pletes the defense reflex.
Alveolus: place for exchange
Thorax: power of pulmonary ventilation
一、肺通气原理 Mechanics of Pulmonary Ventilation
两方面因素 Two factors
一是推动气体流动的动力;二是阻止其流动的阻力。
One is the power to push gas flowing.
The other is resistance to prevent gas flowing.
前者必须克服后者,才能实现肺通气
The former must e the latter , and then
pulmonary ventilation can pleted.
(一)肺通气的动力 power of pulmonary ventilation
respiratory movement
intrapulmonary pressure
intrapleural pressure
respiratory movement
呼吸肌收缩舒张引起的胸廓扩大和缩小称为呼吸运动.(吸气运动,呼气运动)
Thoracic expansion and contraction caused by respiratory muscles are named respiratory movement. (inspiration, expiration)
吸气肌:膈肌和肋间外肌
Muscles of inspiration : diaphragm and
external intercostal muscles
呼气肌:肋间内肌和腹肌
Muscles of expiration : internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles
辅助吸气肌:斜角肌、胸锁乳突肌等
Muscles of aiding inspiration : scalenus muscles , sternocleidomastoid muscles.