文档介绍：英语阅读技巧
第1页，本讲稿共97页
1. Compounding : 27%
Definition: a process to combine two words
Mostly, compounding is allowedg. NASA, (National and Space Administration 国家航空和宇宙航行局)
UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund 联合国儿童基金会)
WTO (Word Trade Organization),
HTML (超文本连接标示语言)
8. Reduplication 重叠词(%)
walkie-talkie (步话机), go-go employed to entertain in a disco <go-go dancers
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9. Words from proper names (about 2%)
Uncle Tom (指逆来顺受的美国人), xerox,
watt，newton
10. Neoclassical formations (新古典词的构 成法 about 4%)
psychodelic (迷幻的)，
neruolinguistic (神经语言学)
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The three major processes of word-formation
A. compounding
B. derivation
C. conversion
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I. Some basic concepts of word-formation
1. word-formation rules
a. definition: methods whereby speakers create new words
. nouns + able (showing the quality of)= adj.
comfortable
verbs +able (fit to be) = adj. Readable/eatable
b. Limitations -not all words resulting from the application of the rule are acceptable. They will become acceptable only when they have gained an institutional currency in the language.
., readable fashionable limestone (石灰石)
writable (acceptable now) *deskable *lemonstone
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2. root-unanalysable either in terms of
derivational /inflectional morphology
., un/desir/able/s ---- desire
-the part of the word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed.
., undesirable/s -undesirable
desire/d -desire
第9页，本讲稿共97页
4. base ---- the language form to which affixes of any kind can be added either derivationally analyzable or unanalyzable at all
. desirable ---- desire (both as a root and a base)
undesirable ----desirable (only as a base)
5. What is the difference among
ROOT/BASE/STEM?
第10页，本讲稿共97页
II. Compounding
1. Definition: root1+root2
1) Orthog