文档介绍：年产40万吨二甲醚工艺设计
[摘要]作为LPG和石油类的替代燃料,目前二甲醚(DME)倍受注目。DME是具有与LPG的物理性质相类似的化学品,在燃烧时不会产生破坏环境的气体,能便宜而大量地生产。与甲烷一样,被期望成为21世纪的能源之一。目前生产的二甲醚基本上由甲醇脱水制得,即先合成甲醇,然后经甲醇脱水制成二甲醚。甲醇脱水制二甲醚分为液相法和气相法两种工艺,本设计采用气相法制备二甲醚工艺。将甲醇加热蒸发,甲醇蒸气通过γ-AL 2O3催化剂床层,气相甲醇脱水制得二甲醚。气相法的工艺过程主要由甲醇加热、蒸发、甲醇脱水、二甲醚冷凝及精馏等组成。主要完成以下工作:
1)精馏用到的二甲醚分离塔和甲醇回收塔的塔高、塔径、塔板布置等的设计;
2)所需换热器、泵的计算及选型;
[关键词]二甲醚,甲醇,工艺设计。
The design of dimehyl ether process annual
output 400,000 tons
Abstract: As LPG and oil alternative fuel, DME has drawn attentions at present. Physical properties of DME is similar for LPG, and don’t bustion gas to damage the environment, so, It can be produced largely. Like methane, DME is expected to e 21st century energy sources., DME is prepared by methanol dehydration, namely, synthetic methanol first and then methanol dehydration to dimethyl etherby methanol dehydration. Methanol dehydration to DME is divided into two kinds of liquid phase and gas-phase process. This design uses a process gas of dimethyl ether prepared by dimethyl. Heating methanol to evaporation, methanol vapor through the γ-AL 2O3 catalyst bed, vapor methanol dehydration to dimethyl etherby.  This process is made of methanol process heating, evaporation, dehydration of methanol, dimethyl ether condensation and distillation etc. Completed for the following work:
1) Distillation tower used in separation of dimethyl ether and methanol recovery , column height of tower ,diameter, arrangement of column plate etc;
2) The calculation and selection of heat exchanger, pump;
Key words: dimethyl ether, methanol, process design.
目录
1 概述 1
二甲醚的用途 1
设计依据 1
技术来源 1
液相甲醇脱水法制二甲醚 1
气相甲醇脱水法制二甲醚 1
合成气一步法生产二甲醚 2
二氧化碳加氢直接合成二甲醚 2
催化蒸馏法制二甲醚 2
本设计采用的方法 3
原料及产品规格 3
设计规模和设计要求 3
2 技术分析 4
反应原理 4
反应条件 4
反应选择性和转化率 4
催化剂的选择 4
3 反应器的结构计算 5
物料衡算 5
计算催化剂床层体积 5
反应器管数 5
热量衡算 5
4 甲醚精馏塔结构计算 8
甲醚精馏塔的物料衡算及理论板数 8
实际板层数的求取 9
精馏塔的工艺条件及有关物性数据的计算