文档介绍：1The Future of Condensed Matter and Materials PhysicsSteven M. GirvinYale UniversityAPS MeetingMarch 3, 20032ConnectionsBiophysics, Biologically Inspired PhysicsHigh Energy TheoryCondensed MatterTheory and Energy , Molecular, OpticalMaterials ScienceAstronomyCS, EETechnology Fundamental Physics3Paradigms“Spherical Cow” ParadigmDark Reality?equilibrium?linear response?ordered?non-interacting?local ?Terra Incognita?non-equilibrium?non-linear?disordered?interacting?non-local 4‘Soft-Matter’ and Physics at Human ScalesThe World is an interesting plex place…5Navier-Stokes EquationsGlycerol/water into AirA Cascade of Structure in a Drop Falling from a Faucet ,X. D. Shi, M. P. Brenner and S. R. Nagel, Science 265, 219-222 (1994).6CrumpleS. R. Nagel7Avalanche:S. R. Nagel8The Thomson Problem and Spherical CrystallographyThe Thomson Problem and Spherical Crystallography(Nelson and Weitzgroups, Harvard)?Finding the ground state of ~26,000 particles on a sphere is replaced by minimizing the energy of only ~ 250 interacting disclinations, representing points of local 5-and 7-fold symmetry.?Grain boundaries in ground state for R/a > 5-10 have important implications for the mechanical stability and porosity of colloidosomes, proposed as delivery vehicles for drugs, flavors and : J. J. Thomson asks how particles packon a sphere –relevant to viruses, colloid-coated droplets, and multielectronbubbles in heliumBausch et (in press)“Colloidosome”= colloids of radius acoating water droplet(radius R) --WeitzLaboratorySimian virus SV40Ordering on a sphere ?a minimum of 12 5-fold disclinations, as in er balls and fullerenes --what happens for R/a >> 1?Dislocations (5-7 defect pairs) embedded in spherical ground states9‘Hard Matter’ and the Quantum World of Electrons10RNG, Field Theory Paradigm?Powerful ideas and tools-quantum criticality-stability analysis of fixed points-recognize danger of ‘fine tuning’-directio