文档介绍：英国城市化历史过程分析与启示
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end 本国城市化的反思，从中深有启示。
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
与许多后来工业化国家和广大发展中国家相比，英国的城市化是在一个没有任何压力的，从容不迫的心态和条件下完成的。它有充分的时间，没有什么需要追赶的对象。英国长达几个世纪的农业革命和商业革命以及工业革命，使得英国的城市化犹如瓜熟蒂落，水到渠成。
一、英国城市化的主要因素
英国大规模城市化始于18世纪中叶的工业革命，在此之前，英国进行了长达几个世纪的农业革命、商业革命。这不仅为英国的工业革命打下了基础，而且为城市化启动积累了资金。
（一）英国的农业革命
英国的农业革命有两个显著特点：实现了农业商品化；完成了圈地运动。英国与欧洲其他国家不同的是，它的农牧业生产很早就卷入了国内外市场，随着地理大发现和新航道的开辟，商品化农业开始发展起来，
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
到16世纪中期，大部分庄园土地已被出租合并到地主手中转向了面向市场的生产。这就使农业生产较早地越过了自给自足的小农经济。英国农业革命的另一个特点就是圈地运动。圈地运动的重要意义在于：第一，摧毁了农村中小生产的传统，先改为大规模的畜牧业，后改为大规模的农业。创造条件使大量资本投入农业生产，使土地资源得到了充分利用，并为实现农业机械化提供了可能；第二，圈地运动使部分土地贵族变成了资产阶级，使农民成为第一代工人，英国农村面貌大加改观，土地贵族将大片土地租给大农场主，成