文档介绍：III摘要当前,由于国内各大城市交通拥堵十分严重,许多一、二线城市都在修建城市轨道交通以缓解城市拥堵。城市轨道交通建设初期难以短时间形成交通网络,存在可达性差的缺点。同时,城市轨道交通线路的固定性,不可随意更改,导致其灵活性不强,直达率不高,吸引客流受到局限。因此,利用地面常规公交线路设置灵活,营运成本相对较低,覆盖面广,可达性好等特点,使其与城市轨道交通接驳可以较好的促进公共交通发展,达到缓解城市交通拥堵的作用。本文首先对地面常规公交与城市轨道交通的内涵及特点进行了界定;对比了两者之间的技术特性、服务范围、综合效益等特性;研究了两者之间的协调、竞争机理,线路空间关系,以及功能关系。接着,从接驳站点衔接、线网空间关系方面分析了两种交通形式间的协调机理;分析了接驳系统间乘客交通出行成本组成、出行时间组成,并分别建立了数学模型。而后,从乘客出行需求和公共交通系统两个方面就地面常规公交线网在优化调整过程中的影响因素进行了研究,并从宏观定性和局部定量的角度研究了接驳过程中地面常规公交线网优化调整的原则和方法。最后,建立了基于乘客交通出行时间最短,交通出行费用最小以及营运者营运成本最小的数学优化模型;并对求解模型的常见算法进行了分析对比,选用遗传算法利用MATLAB工具箱对优化问题进行求解;并通过实例进行了分析说明。通过接驳优化能够合理地降低轨道交通沿线地面常规公交线路的重复系数,提高沿线公共交通的通行效率,缓解沿线交通拥堵;同时,提高轨道交通沿线影响范围内乘客出行效率,扩大城市轨道交通的影响范围,改变轨道交通影响范围内乘客出行交通结构,增大轨道交通的分担比例,从根本上起到缓解城市拥堵的作用。关键词:地面常规公交,城市轨道交通,有效接驳,优化模型,遗传算法IVAbstractAt present,many cities in china have started to buildurban rail transit,to alleviate urban traffic rail transit has many advantages,but work is difficult to build in a short time;At the same time,the urban rail transithas a bad accessibility because of its line is solid,whatmake it difficult to achieve the "door to door" inorder to attract more passengers flow,and make up the poor accessibility ofurbanrail transit by the flexibility of other forms,it must bined with other transportation like ground ,there are many elements about the engagement of conventional traffic and rail work optimization problem between conventionalbus and urban rail transit must be taken into account. Firstly,in the process of research,the paper define the connotation and characteristics between conventional traffic and rail transit,then making a contrastabout technical characteristics,scope of services and comprehensive relationship between cooperation petition,topological relationship,and the integration of functionsare also be ,the paper analyzes the mechanism linking coordination between conventional bus and urban rail transit