文档介绍：生化实验室布局图
(1)确定了蛋白质是生命的主要基础物质
Eduard Buchner(1860-1917,Germany )
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1907
for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation (发酵)
证明酵母无细胞提取液能使糖发酵产生酒精,第一次提出酶(enzyme)的名称
酶是蛋白质
James Batcheller Sumner (1887-1955) 1/2 of the prize,
for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized
John Howard Northrop (1891- 1987)and Wendell Meredith Stanley (1904-1971) 1/4 of the prize
for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946
蛋白质一级结构研究
Frederick Sanger United Kingdom (1918-)
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958
for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin (胰岛素)
蛋白质空间结构研究
Linus Carl Pauling (1901-1994)USA
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954
for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure plex substances
(2)确定了生物遗传的物质基础是DNA
1869 DNA Isolated
Miescher isolated DNA for the first time.
Watson and Crick: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962
for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material