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3- If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish+宾语从句”。
(l)If only he could 。
(2)If only I had known the 。
rather，as if(though)引导的从句也需运用虚拟语气，表示过去的状况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的状况用过去时，例如：
(l)Id rather you posted the letter right away.
(2)She loves the children as if they were hers.
，而是利用其他手段来示意存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：
(1)介词或介词短语。如but for，but that，without,in case of, under more favorable condition等。
(2)连词。如so that, unless, in case, supposing,lest, provided(倘如……)，for fear that(生怕)，in orderthat, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
留意：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但也可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。例如：The foreign teacher spokeslowly in case we misunderstood him这位外籍老师说得很慢以免我们误会。
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。
without, but. but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。例如：
①Without you,1 would never know him
②But for your oooperation, we wouldnt have done it
③But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .
④i would be most glad to help