文档介绍：IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT, VOL. 45, NO. 4, NOVEMBER 1998 323
Corporate R&D Strategy Portfolio in
Japanese and Australian Technology-Based
Firms: An Empirical Study
Ziqi Liao, Member, IEEE, and Paul F. Greenfield
Abstract— This paper presents an empirical study on the to 1992, while government spending increased by only 27%
strategic structure of corporate R&D in Japanese and Australian during the same period [25]. Furthermore, many high-tech
technology-panies. The perceived importance and dis- Japanese firms depend on their own resources in R&D and
tribution of basic research, petitive strategic research, and
applied research within a corporate R&D portfolio are examined stress that investment in R&D should occur prior to investment
through parative analysis of survey data. The results in plant and equipment [26]. Early in 1988, the ratio of R&D
suggest that Japanese firms tend to place great emphasis on basic spending to total annual sales was % on average for all
and petitive strategic research, although applied research Japanese industries [15]. More recently, there has been a
still retains its importance. They recognize that basic research significant increase in the number of firms spending 4% or
is critical to achieve long-petitive advantages in the
marketplace. Australian firms also realize the importance of basic more of their annual s