文档介绍：Astaxanthin & Human health 姓名: 导师: pany pany Logo Contents ? Introduction ? Biological functions ? Safety and dose of astaxanthin ? Products Introduction Introduction ? Naturual sources ? Aquatic animals: salmon , trout , shrimp Introduction Introduction ? Naturual sources ? Birds: flamingoes Introduction Introduction ? Naturual sources ? anism: us pluvialis, Phaffia yeast Introduction Introduction ? Molecular structure and chemical forms 3,3 ?-dihydroxy- β,β-carotene-4,4 ?-dione Introduction Introduction ? Characteristics: both lipophilic and hydrophilic properties Superior position of astaxanthin in the cell membrane Ambati R R, Phang S M, et al. Sources, Extraction, Stability, Biological Activities and Its Commercial Applications[J]. Mar. Drugs , 2014, (12): 128-152 . Introduction Introduction Nishida Y, Yamashita E, Miki W. Results presented at the 21 st annual Meeting on Carotenoid Research held at Osaka , Japan on September 6 & 7, 2007. Biological functions Biological functions ? Antioxidant activity ? Anti-inflammation effect ? Antidiabetic activity ? Cardiovascular protective effect ? Ocular protective effect ? Skin-protective effect ? Skeletal Muscle-protective effect ? Anticancer activity ? Hepatoprotective effect Anti-Inflammation Anti-Inflammation Inflammation is characterized by the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- α( TNF- α), interleukin-1 β( IL-1 β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), that are synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). ?(COX) Lee S J, Bai S K, et al. Astaxanthin Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production and Inflammatory Gene Expression by Suppressing I κ B Kinase-dependent NF- κ B Activation[J]. Mol. Cells, 16(1): 97- 105.