文档介绍：非谓语动词（-ing形式和过去分词）
（二）-ing形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
Ing的否定形式是在最标志的非谓语动词（-ing形式和过去分词）
（二）-ing形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
Ing的否定形式是在最标志的词ing前加not
-ing形式各种形式所表示的含义
（1）一般式表主动，表进行：The teacher came in, following his students.
（2）完成式表示先于主句动作发生 Having watered the flowers, he went out..
Ing形式的基本用法
（1）作主语：Seeing is ，而将作主语的-ing后置。如： It’s no use waiting here.
ing和to do作主语的区别：ing表示****惯性，to do表示一次性
She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.
（2）作表语： My hobby is collecting stamps.
（3）作宾语： She likes drawing very much.
只能接ing作宾语的动词：admit, allow, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest.
（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.
（5）作宾补：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
（6）作状语： Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. （时间）
Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. （原因）
Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.（伴随）
※ing和to do作结果状语的区别
ing 是自然而然的结果：He fell the plate, only breaking it into pieces.
to do是意想不到的结果 He hurried to the station, only to find the bus had left.
※-ing形式的复合结构：在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语：She insisted on Peter’s (or Peter)going there first.
（三）过去分词done：
过去分词表被动表完成。