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大学英语四级完形填空解题技巧
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:语篇 1. 利用句中的释义、同位替代或定语说明 在阅读过程中遇到意义不清的词语,有时句子本身就包含一些线索,犹如义、反义关系、定义、譬如、同位语、举例、归纳、归类等等,要学会在句中找出这些线索,从而更好地理解短文内容。
2. 通过理解上下文语义,依据相关线索词(尤其是连接词)作逻辑推理
(1)缘由、结果:表示某一事物发生的缘由。表示缘由的连词写在表示缘由的句子内,结果连词用来连接某一事物所引起的结果。表达缘由、结果的常用词或词组有:because,since,as,due to the fact that,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result, as a consequence,now that,in that等。
(2)转折、让步:它表示后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。常用的词或词组有:however,vet,but,anyhow,anyway,nevertheless,in spite of,however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever 等。
(3)比拟、比照:比拟关系表示意义上的相像关系;比照关系表示意义上的不同或相反。表达比拟、比照的常见词和词组有:in comparison,by comparison,like,as,just as,in contrast,by contrast,conversely,oppositely,on the contrary,instead of,rather than等。
(4)列举:指表达一系列相关的事实、观点等。表示列举逻辑关系的可以是单词,也可以是词组,常见的有:first(ly),second(ly),third(ly);first,next,then,last:one,two,three;for one thing,for another thingin the first place, in the second place; for one thing, ;to begin with, to conclude 等。
(5)补充:表示对前一个事实或观点做进一步的阐述。表示这种逻辑关系的词或词组常用的有:also,too,similarly,further,moreover,likewise,in addition,furthermore,whats more,not onlybut also,someothers等。
(6)表示参照的连词:on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely 表 示补充的连词:also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, whats more, too, either, neither, notbut, not onlybut also (7)表示时间依次的连词:when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once (8)表示条件的连词:if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case,