文档介绍：Figurative devices & 2012-12-23 Rhythm and sound patterns . *目录 CONTENTS Figurative devices : Simile (明喻), M etaphor (暗喻), Personification (拟人) . Rhythm and sound patterns : Alliteration( 头韵) , Assonance (谐音) , Consonance (尾韵), Irony (讽刺) . Onomatopoeia (拟声) ,Ambiguity( 歧义) ,Paradox (悖论) . * Figurative devices 1 * Figurative devices (明喻) A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two different things, usually by employing the words "like" or "as" – also, but less commonly, "if", or "than". A simile differs from a metaphor in that the pares two unlike things by saying that the one thing is the other thing. * Uses: ? In literature ?"Curley was flopping like a fish on a line." ?"The very mist on the Essex marshes was like a gauzy and radiant fabric." ? Using 'like' A simile can explicitly provide the basis of a comparison or leave this basis implicit. In the implicit case the simile leaves the audience to determine for themselves which features of the target are being predicated. It may be a type of sentence that uses 'as' or 'like' to connect the words pared. ? She is like a candy so sweet. ? He is like a refiner's fire. ? Her eyes twinkled like stars. *? Using 'as' The use of 'as' makes the simile more explicit. ? She walks as gracefully as a cat. ? He was as hungry as a lion. ? Without 'like' or 'as' Similes are sometimes made without using the words 'like' or 'as'. ?"I'm happier than a tornado in a trailer park!" ?"How this Herculean Roman does e / The carriage of his chafe." * (暗喻) A metaphor is a literary figure of speech that describes a subject by asserting that it is, on some point parison, the same as another otherwise unrelated object. Metaphor is a type of analogy and is closely related to other rhetorical figures of speech that achieve their effects via association, comparison or resemblance including allegory,hyperb