文档介绍：Designing and Using Questionnaires
common ways to get information
literature searches
talking with people
focus groups
personal interviews
telephone surveys
and mail surveys.
Advantages of Written Questionnaires
Questionnaires are very cost effective
Questionnaires are easy to analyze
Questionnaires are familiar to most people
Questionnaires reduce bias
Questionnaires are less intrusive than telephone or face-to-face surveys
Disadvantages Of Written Questionnaires
the possibility of low response rates
the inability to probe responses
By allowing frequent space ments, the researcher can partially e this disadvantage
Gestures and other visual cues are not available with written questionnaires
the respondent may not be who you think it is
questionnaires are simply not suited for some people
Selecting Your Sample
decide what kind of people to interview.
Avoid a Biased Sample (English & non-English majors)
decide how many people you need to interview
Quotas
A Quota is a sample size for a sub-group.
For example, men and women have somewhat different opinions in many areas.
Questionnaire Design - General Considerations
Well-defined goals are the best way to assure a good questionnaire design
Formulate a plan for doing the statistical analysis during the design stage of the project
Include other experts and relevant decision-makers in the questionnaire design process
Use professional production methods for the questionnaire--either desktop publishing or typesetting and keylining
Questionnaire Design - General Considerations
Make the envelope unique
Provide a well-written cover letter
Provide incentives as a motivation for a pleted questionnaire.
Give your questionnaire a title that is short and meaningful to the respondent
Keep your questionnaire short
Include clear and concise instructions on how plete the questionnaire
If a questionnaire is more than a few pages and is held together by a staple, include some identifying data on each page