文档介绍：高三英语总复****语法专项训练高三英语总复****语法专项训练动动名名词词一、动名词的形式一、动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 二、功能及用法二、功能及用法 1 (短语)(短语)做主语,如: Writing the book has taken up all his spare time. Seeing is believing. 注注①①:动名词(短语)做主语还常用于下列结构: :动名词(短语)做主语还常用于下列结构: a. It’ s no use sending him over. It ’ s too late already. It ’ s no good talking a lot without doing anything. It ’ s a waste of time arguing about it. b. There ’ s no joking about such matters. There ’ s no saying what he ’ ll be doing next. There ’ s no telling what he ’ s going to do. 注②:动名词作主语动名词作主语与不定式作主语不定式作主语的区别: 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作,一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起,如: It ’ s no use crying over spilt milk. ( 抽象) He realized that to go on like this was no use. ( 具体) 在实际运用中,一般可以互换,差异不大。在实际运用中,一般可以互换,差异不大。但在下列几种情况但在下列几种情况中不能互换: 中不能互换: a. 当表语是动名词时,主语也要用动名词;当表语是不定式时, 主语也要用不定式,如: Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. b. 动名词和不定式作主语,一般都可以使用形式主语 it it , 而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中,一般宜用动名词,不宜用不定式来代替: It ’ s no use doing … It ’ s no good doing … It ’ s a waste of time doing …例如: It ’ s no use going there today; he won ’ t be at home. It ’ s a waste of time arguing about it. It ’ s no good waiting here. Let ’ s walk home. 而在 It’ s important … / It ’ s necessary … / It ’ s advisable … / It ’ s essential … / It ’ s fitting …这类句型中,只能用不定式,如: It ’ s important to learn foreign languages. It ’ s quite necessary to read it many times. 2 (短语)作表语,如: .动名词(短语)作表语,如: Their job is building houses. Their job is building houses. His job is raising pigs. His job is raising pigs. 注注①①:动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别: :动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别: 动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为****惯;不定式作表动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为****惯;不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作,特别是将来的动作,试比较: 语时表示具体的某一次动作,特别是将来的动作,试比较: My favourite sport is swimming. My favourite sport is swimming. The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation. The first thing for us to do is to improve our