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动词不定式的用法
动词不定式的用法
动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课本中的一个重点，也是中考必考察的一个工程。下面我们对动词不定 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。例如： I hope to visit this place again. 我盼望能再度访问此地。 She enjoys reading very much．她特别喜爱读书。The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能刚好望见另一辆车。〔2〕动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。例如： I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵遵守法律律是我们的义务。 I found it difficult to see him here. 我发觉在这里见到他是很难的。三、作补足语 〔1〕某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中，由于原来的宾语变成了主语，故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。这类动词常用的有 consider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish，invite等。例如：They told him not to be late 。→He was told not to be late again. She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday．昨天她请我一起进餐。〔2〕在feel〔一感〕，listen to，hear〔二听〕，let，make，have〔三让〕，look at，see，watch，notice〔四看〕等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时，to要补上。如：I heard her sing today．She sang wonderfully．今日我听见她唱歌了，她唱得特别精彩。She was heard to sing today．今日有人听见她唱歌了。 She is often heard to sing this song〔by us〕．我们经常听见她唱这首歌。四、作状语 ⑴动词不定式作状语可表示目的、缘由及结果等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，因此动词不定式作状语往往用主动式。例如： Come to see me again soon. 尽快再来看我。 I trembled to think of it. 我一想到那件事就毛骨悚然。 You couldn't do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己也不能那样做。 (2) only to do sth. 与 only doing sth. 都可作表示结果的状语，区分是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来示意最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth