文档介绍：RESEARCH
The Wilderness Use Simulation Model Applied
to Colorado River Boating in Grand Canyon National
Pollowing the closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1964,
the volume of boating and rafting on the Colorado
River through Grand Canyon National Park, USA, in-
creased rapidly. While rafting everywhere on suitable
rivers increased during this period, the dam stabilized
and improved tremendously rafting conditions
through the park. In the late 1970s, the Park Service
established a ceiling of approximately 15,000 persons
a year in order to prevent the river from being over-
used. 格伦峡谷大坝截流， 1964年
科罗拉多河上划船和漂流的体积
通过美国大峡谷国家公园，河，
折痕迅速。虽然到处漂流在适当的
在此期间增加的河流，大坝稳定
并改善条件，极大地漂流
穿过公园。在20世纪70年代末，公园管理处
建立了约15000人的最高限额
去年，为了防止过分河
使用。
In 1972, the Park Service inaugurated a research
program on the ecological and sociological aspects of
human use of the river including motor rafting (Na-
tional Park Service 1974-1977).
Included in the research program were four socio-
logical studies of river rafters by Shelby and Nielsen
(1976a-d). They identified many of the differences
between motor and oar trips and between private and
commercial parties, and they also measured user reac-
tions, expectations, and satisfactions. Many factors and
considerations that management should evaluate in
the process of establishing a river use plan were sug-
gested, including the use of a computer simulation
model for testing alternative management plans
. 1972年，公园管理处启动了一个研究
生态和社会学方面的计划
人类利用河流包括电机漂流（钠
佐丹奴公园管理处1974-1977年） 。
列入研究计划，四组的社会经济
谢尔比和尼尔森河椽逻辑研究
（ 1976a -D） 。他们发现许多分歧
之间的电机和桨人次，与私人和
商业机构，他们还测量用户反应
tions ，期望和满意度。许多因素
考虑管理应评估
建立一条河流利用计划的过程中建议
gested ，包括利用计算机模拟
模型测试替代管理计划。
In 1981, the Cooperative National Park Resources
Study Unit at the University of Arizona was asked to
adapt the Wilderness Use Simulation Model (WUSM)
developed by Shechter and Lucas (1978) to whitewater
boating through Grand